How to practice Hatha Yoga in the Himalayan Tradition?

Question

I am reaching out in regard to the Hatha sequencing and warm-up stretching I did daily while at Swami Rama Sadhaka Grama (SRSG). I really enjoyed the teaching and how the lessons were put together. While I do recall some of the general postures, I was wondering if someone might be able to share names of asanas that the lessons were structured around, so I can look into them in more depth, please? Any background on the yoga classes, postures, and sequencing would be greatly appreciated.

Answers

Swami Ritavan Bharati and Carolyn Hume have answered this question.

From Swami Ritavan Bharati

Please refer to these books:

  1. Exercises for Joints and Glands as taught by Swami Rama. This is published by the Himalayan Institute. (This also comes as a DVD.)
  2. Philosophy of Hatha Yoga by Swami Veda Bharati (Sometimes the author is listed as Usharbudh Arya, which was Swami Veda’s pre-sanyas name.). This is published by the Himalayan Institute.
  3. Yoga: Mastering the Basics by Rolf Sovik and Sandra Anderson. This is published by the Himalayan Institute. 
  4. Holistic Living Manual by Prakash Keshaviah, Ph.D. This is published by Himalayan Institute Hospital Trust.
  5. Yogic Practices of the Himalayan Tradition: As Taught by H.H. Swami Rama of the Himalayas by Prakash Keshaviah, Ph.D. This is published by Himalayan Institute Hospital Trust.

In addition, you can ask teachers at Swami Rama Sadhaka Grama.

From Carolyn Hume

There are also the books Hatha Yoga Manual I by Samskrti and Veda and Hatha Yoga Manual II by Samskrti and Franks. Both are published by the Himalayan Institute Press.

All of these books are available through Amazon and also other book sellers. They should give you some idea of hatha as taught within our tradition.


Editor’s Note

If you have any questions about your spiritual practice, you may write to the AHYMSIN Spiritual Committee at adhyatmasamiti@gmail.com.

How should I practice the ashwini mudra?

Question

Can you tell me the number of repetitions as far as high anyone can go and the brief procedure about Ashwini mudra? Swami Rama said that no exercise compensates for this (Ashwini mudra) exercise bladder muscles get exercised sphincter muscles exercised and by this practice alone you can get control over your autonomic nervous system. Can you explain how Ashwini mudra can lead me to get control over my automatic nervous system? I heard that someone who was practicing Ashwini mudra wrote his experience like that (I have practiced ashwini mudra quite often and hence now I’m constantly falling sick because of the increase in body heat, a couple of months back I was admitted because of the same reason, my body generates too much heat, the apana remains in my stomach it was trying to come out resulting in vomiting, excessive vomiting caused dehydration and I was admitted hence I need to know how to overcome this heat, I’m still facing the same problem even today ). So if it is true that Ashwini mudra generates so much heat if yes then how to cool down or overcome it?

Answers

Stephen Parker (Stoma) and Carolyn Hume have responded to this question.

From Stephen Parker (Stoma)

As with most of the mudrās, the physical practice of them only prepares the way for the subtle energetic practice. It prepares the physical body to respond to the movement of prana in the subtle body. The goal here is to deepen and refine your breath awareness so that you mentally open the Sushumnā nādī and when the prāna begins to flow upward through Sushumnā, the aśvinī-mudrā and the mūla-bandha become automatic. Only then should one practice all the time. Prior to that, doing the practice physically will simply generate heat.

Balancing the heat you have generated so far requires intensive nādi-śodhana prānāyāma without any retention and intentional stimulation of idā-nādī either through breath awareness or through lying on the right side with breath awareness. (The same effect can also be obtained by using a rolled towel under the right armpit with breath awareness.)

The middle path of practice is just as important in yoga as it is in Buddhism. Vyāsa’s commentary on Patañjali cautions against practicing with such intensity that you unbalance the prāna-vāyus and the dhātus and thereby cause disease in the physical body.

From Carolyn Hume

In addition to what Stoma has written, perhaps you would want to have a broader understanding of Swami Rama’s teachings. This is a reading list put together by Swami Veda Bharati. I do not know how thoroughly you have studied these teachings; perhaps you already have a strong familiarity with them. Also, you may want to consider taking some classes from qualified teachers within our tradition.


Editor’s Note

If you have any questions about your spiritual practice, you may write to the AHYMSIN Spiritual Committee at adhyatmasamiti@gmail.com.

What to do with my thoughts?

Question

I am stuck with my thoughts. Please help me.

Answers

Stephen Parker (Stoma) and Michael Smith have responded to this question.

From Stephen Parker (Stoma)

The thinking mind will always have thoughts. So peace is never a matter of trying to stop the thoughts of your mind. But thoughts are something you have; they are not who you are. You can just watch them and then gradually develop the choice not to watch them.

Fortunately, the mind has an inborn drive to cleanse itself. So when one sits for meditation, all the thoughts you have pushed aside come rushing forward. One approach is just to wait it out. Often you will find that, after a while, the mind quiets down.

In terms of neuroscience, when you activate mindful awareness by attending to the sensation of breath in the nostrils, you also activate the medial pre-frontal cortex, the part of the brain that integrates everything. At the same time, the Default Mode Network, a network of neural structures that contains all your habits and conditionings, including the critical voice in which your mind comments continually on your experience, goes dark. This part is essentially “your brain on autopilot.” When you practice mindful awareness you have the choice not to attend to the noise and the volume of the noise goes way down.

So the peace of silence is not an absence but a fullness of presence.

From Michael Smith

You are not alone. Everyone needs peace and everybody has disturbing thoughts. I came to Swami Rama once and was crying. I said to him, “I can’t stop my mind.” He smiled and said, “Don’t worry. That is nothing.” And he gave me Gayatri mantra.

(All the quotations below are from The Art of Joyful Living (1989) by Swami Rama)

Our mind is going to continue to produce thoughts – from our sense impressions, from our memories, and from the collective turmoil in the world. That is what our mind does.

“The whole secret of learning is not to fight with yourself, but to allow yourself to know.” (p. 115)

In Yoga-sutra I.2 – Yogaśh chitta vṛtti nirodhaḥ – “nirodhaḥ” means control. “Control does not mean suppression, but channeling or regulating.” (p. 10)

Be grateful for your keen observation. A shift has taken place: you as the witness!

The awareness of your thoughts is a blessing because it puts you outside your thinking process.

“Let everything come before you for a decision — just watch.” “Do not allow yourself to suppress them by reacting. ‘Oh, what I am thinking! I should not think like that!’ That is not helpful: instead, let the thought come before you and become a sort of observer. Start observing your own mind.” “Why should a thought that merely comes and goes disturb your life?” “If these thoughts are not fulfilled, they lose their power and die. This is the practice of self-psychiatry.” “If one particular thought comes and goes, again and again, and you do not take any action, then it will eventually not continue to come back, because you are not paying it any interest.” “In my practice, when all the thoughts have gone through the mind, then I sit down and start to remember my mantra.” (pp. 120-125)

When you are aware of your thoughts, you are free of them, and that awareness is itself a meditation.
“There is something great inside you. Someone is witnessing your actions, speech, and mind, and that observer is actually you, the finest part of your Self.” (p. 45)

You also have four powerful tools to REPLACE random thoughts:

awareness of your breathing,
awareness of your inner body,
awareness of your mantra, and
awareness of emptiness/spaciousness.
Continue to calmly watch . . . and gradually the duration of your thoughts will shorten, thoughts will come less frequently, and their intensity will diminish. In that stillness, miraculous things can happen!


Editor’s Note

If you have any questions about your spiritual practice, you may write to the AHYMSIN Spiritual Committee at adhyatmasamiti@gmail.com.

I can stay calm in all kinds of situations, except when I am with my mother. What shall I do?

Question

Mostly, I do not get distracted or waylaid by rose petals or mud slung at me…. except when my mother does it. I need advice! The three golden circles don’t work with her, either. What am I doing wrong? Why am I failing?

Answers

Carolyn Hume has responded to this question.

From Carolyn Hume

Instead of thinking of this as you doing something wrong or as you failing, think of this as an opportunity. Changing habits and thought patterns can sometimes take time, it is not necessarily easy, and we need to be patient with ourselves in the process. Your awareness of this problem gives you the opportunity to learn more about yourself, grow, and change.

You normally do not get distracted, waylaid, or disturbed by either compliments or criticisms; however, this is not the case with your Mother’s comments.

You and your Mother probably have a deeper and longer relationship than most of your other relationships in this lifetime, and this relationship in this lifetime carries memories (some of them conscious and some of them unconscious) extending from childhood to your current age. There may also be patterns of re-acting to rose petals and slung mud that have existed over a period of time, a habit has been formed.

If you find yourself reacting to something your Mother has said, consciously relax, re-establish diaphragmatic breathing, and witness or observe what has been or is being said and witness or observe your reaction. If possible, do not be judgmental of either your Mother or yourself. Sometimes what people say can be helpful, but that is for you to decide; do not accept what others (even your Mother) say blindly.

“To establish inner strength, decide that whatever negative thought occurs, or whatever others say, you will not accept it blindly. Decide that you will observe the thought or suggestion and let it come. One person may tell you that you are going to die tomorrow, and then perhaps another person tells you that you will someday become a powerful man. These two thoughts may come together: one person says one thing and the other says another. One thought is flattering to your ego, but the other thought is crippling to your willpower. Allow both kinds of thoughts to come. Be conscious of them. Whatever kind of thought comes, a thought is still only a thought. Why should you allow it to affect you? It will affect you only when you accept it; it will not affect you when you do not accept it. You can observe such thoughts without accepting them as your own, or letting them weaken you.”
— Swami Rama, The Art of Joyful Living, Chapter “Developing Strength and Willpower.”

On those occasions when you find yourself being affected, just note it to yourself…but do not then add to it thoughts of negativity about yourself. Just by noting the times you are affected in a neutral manner can be helpful in eliminating them.

Now I do not know how you currently react.

If, for instance, you have a physical response, like slamming a door, stomping out of the room, etc., note that you do this and by noting this it gives you the opportunity to stop doing whatever. For instance, something is said and even if you feel angry or hurt you refrain from slamming a door, stomping out, or making other physical actions.

If, for instance, you retort verbally, observe that you do so while you are doing so or afterwards, and this gives you a tool to stop reacting verbally. It is possible that you would still have mental reactions.

Finally, witness and/or observe the thoughts too.

Generally speaking, I think the physical reactions are easiest to change, then the verbal and finally the mental. It is possible the changes will be gradual and one day you realize – “Oh, I did not react to Mother’s comment; I was not affected.” – almost after the fact, you may not have reacted for some time, but did not realize it.

Perhaps you will find this article interesting: Discipline by Swami Rama.


Editor’s Note

If you have any questions about your spiritual practice, you may write to the AHYMSIN Spiritual Committee at adhyatmasamiti@gmail.com.

What shall I do with my fear and anxiety?

Question

Kindly help me. Fear has made me not able to do my work. It has caused fatigue and tiredness. It’s been a few years like this. This anxiety has been very debilitating.

Answers

Lalita Arya (Ammaji), Michael Smith, and Carolyn Hume have responded to this question.

From Lalita Arya (Ammaji)

On FEAR

My first experience of dealing with Fear as I remember was as a young child.  We lived near the rain forests in a rustic area where flushed toilets were unknown and it would have been considered impure to have them in the homes, in any case, in those days. So we had outside latrines.

Before going to bed we were advised to go there so we did not have to disturb the parents in the middle of the night. However, in the tropics night comes quickly. There is hardly twilight. So when it was time to go to bed, if we had an early dinner it was fine to go by oneself. But if it got to nighttime, that became a problem. As one evening started to fade into darkness, I stood by the door wanting to visit the latrine that was about 5 minutes walk away from the house. I stood in the doorway in my pajamas peering into the darkness, waiting and watching; I have no idea what for. My Mom came by and asked, “What are you waiting for, go?” I looked at her and said “I’m scared, please come with me.” She smiled and said, “What are you afraid of?” I said “I don’t know.”  So she paused and said, “Look at me. You have fear in your mind, but if you give your mind something else to think about, the fear will disappear.”

I kind of grinned and said, “What do you mean?” She answered, “Do you remember Gayatri mantra?” Well, of course, I did as that was the first mantra we were taught. She continued, “Hold my hand start reciting the Gayatri, and go boldly out there with nothing to fear,” as she loosened her grip. I stepped out, turned to look at her, she smiled and shook her head and pointed towards the outhouse. I kept looking here and there, reciting silently went and did what I had to do, came back still reciting, back into her open arms. To this day I have never been afraid of the dark.

Here is another family incident. One of our daughters, Saumya was having teenage nightmares, and when she told me, I directed her to her father. He tried all the lectures on fear, etc., but she would not listen. He finally said, OK, go and read the novel Dune by Frank Herbert (1965) and there is a poem on Fear. She did not pay attention. Many years after he was with students in Minneapolis at The Center, and she now an older teen was with me in the kitchen as I made tea for him. I asked her to take it up to him where he was teaching in his room. He took the tea, and introduced her to the students and said, “At one time she came to me complaining of nightmares and I advised her to read Dune, the novel. But she doesn’t listen to me.”  So Saumya smiled at him, recited the entire poem on Fear, and then the Gayatri mantra, gave a bow and left him with his mouth open.

Here is the Poem:

FEAR

I must not fear.
Fear is a mind killer
Fear is the little death that brings total obliteration
I will face my fear.
I will permit it to pass over me and through me.
And when it has gone past I will turn the inner eye
To see its path.
Where the fear has gone there will be nothing.
Only I will remain.

From DUNE by Frank Herbert, 1965

There are many writings on this subject, in our philosophical texts, but I thought these two practical experiences might help.

A good picture to view before meditation to help conquer fear is the Abhaya mudra of the Buddha. The Abhaya mudra (fearless gesture) is a mudra that is a gesture of safety, bestowing divine protection and bliss in eastern philosophies. The right hand is held up facing outwards. (Photo taken from internet)

From Michael Smith

It would be helpful to know what you feel is the SOURCE of the fear. There might be some external situation that you feel is scary – some future event that you feel you can’t deal with — or you are in a situation where you have a great deal of responsibility with very little control over the outcomes. The important thing to know is that you can only do the best you can in the present moment, so worry is not helpful in any way. There are many helpful books and articles on how to cope with fear. Sometimes people need to change their diet, or change their job, or get away from a toxic environment that is unhealthy or even noisy. Dr. Phil Nuernberger’s Freedom from Stress has some helpful suggestions about “psycho-social stress” as does Dr. Stephen (Stoma) Parker’s Clearing the Path.

Sometimes people ask what they can do right now, during a panic attack or an anxiety episode. What would be some kind of emergency measures? For myself, I always feel better if I take a walk in the woods or someplace out in nature. Nature is always in balance, so I kind of open myself to the natural harmony of the trees, plants, water and sky. And I always go inside and check to see how I am breathing. Here are some things that might be helpful:

Blow on a musical instrument (a trumpet, clarinet, harmonica, kazoo, whatever), or just purse your lips and blow out with a smooth, extended exhalation. The purpose of doing is to notice that when a long stream of air is being expelled in this way, fear disappears! This tells us that negative self-talk, and the feelings that go with it, are related to how we breathe.

One of the goals of Yoga is have a mind which is free from agitations and disturbances, and one of the ways this is accomplished is by refining one’s breathing. There are several qualities to Yogic Breathing: (1) Diaphragmatic, (2) Nasal, (3) Smooth, (4) Soundless, (5) Slow/Deep, (6) Relaxed, (7) Continuous, and (8) Even, with the same pressure and duration.

One of the most important qualities to Yogic Breathing is that it is Continuous. When you are about to come to the end of an inhalation or exhalation, prepare for the transition and let it be relaxed and seamless, allowing the inhalations to flow into the exhalations, and the exhalations to flow into the inhalations, like an ellipse or an infinity sign. When breathing is Continuous, it has the same effect as when you blow on a musical instrument; the flow of air is unbroken, and fearful thoughts cannot come into the mind.  If you say, “Oh yes they can. I did what you said, and I still had fearful thoughts.” This is because the flow of breath had tiny little breaks in it. So you need to keep refining your breathing until you have all aspects of Yogic Breathing and the breath stream is relaxed, smooth and seamless.

Do the ½ shoulder stand, or simply lie up against a wall with the legs vertical (on the wall) with some support under the hips (blankets, cushions, pillows). Just lie there, totally relaxed and do Yogic Breathing, gently allowing your breathing to be natural. Let go, let go, let go. Because you are topsy-turvy (or semi-topsy-turvy) the abdominal organs press downward on the diaphragmatic muscle and there is a shift in the way you breathe so that relaxing becomes easier.

Nadi Shodhana. There are three versions of Nadi Shodhana shown in Chapter 5 of Swami Rama’s Meditation and Its Practice, but it would be good to learn it from a skilled teacher. Once you know how to do it, sit in a comfortable sitting posture, do Yogic Breathing, and continue to do Nadi Shodhana until the fear dissolves. This is a very gentle exercise – no strain, no struggling. Do many repetitions of Nadi Shodhana for 10 or 15 minutes if you need to. Nadi Shodhana helps balance the breath in the nostrils so that the same volume of air is inhaled and exhaled in the right and left nostril. When the breath flow in both nostrils becomes balanced and harmonious, then the mind becomes very peaceful — and sometimes, after you have finished, there is an intuitive understanding of the fearful external situation that was not there before. It may be that the external situation does not change at all, but you KNOW now how to look at the situation differently – and you know what you need to do . . . or NOT do.

What was written above was mainly about stop-gap measures for stress etc. There is a whole other aspect to working with fear which necessitates on-going sadhana and gradually changing the entire fabric of the mind so it is less susceptible to “threatening” events. Swami Veda talked about “smoothing out the rough edges of the mind,” so that instead of walking around on a bed of nails, it’s possible to walk on memory foam and have built-in resiliency. With sadhana, there is also a gradual disidentification with the ego (the small fragile self) and, instead, an expansion of the personality – to identification others, with all living beings, and eventually with one’s essential nature. One does not “react” to daily situations as much as “respond” to them from a higher, deeper perspective. Swami Nijananda said, also, that with mantra initiation into a spiritual tradition (and the habit of mantra-japa), one has a “plexiglas shield” between you and external events.

Some people have said that FEAR is the dominant emotion with human beings.

I think it comes with “localization” — when Adam and Eve ate the Apple and were separated from the totality – strangers in a strange land. There’s a Sufi saying: “After the first sin there is no other.”

Leonard Perlmutter has written: “The ignorance of believing that I am an individual mind-body-sense complex leads to my separation from the whole. This division always leads to fear, and fear invites danger.”

From Carolyn Hume

I agree with Michael that fear basically comes from identification with the finite.

There can be an examination of one’s fears. Witnessing the fear, not identifying with it.

Swami Rama has written,

“Fears, if not examined, will develop strong roots, though they are often rootless. Fear invites danger.

“Self-preservation is the instinct that remains always vigilant to protect the body. This instinct is useful up to a certain extent, but it should not become an obsession in life. When fear becomes an obsession, all spiritual potentials become dormant. Fears are never examined—that is why they are able to control human life. They should be examined boldly.

“Fear has two faces: I might lose what I have, and I might not gain what I want. These two thoughts should not be entertained, and cannot be when you remember your mantra or the presence of the Lord within.

“Fearlessness is very important. One should constantly remain in spiritual delight, so that no fear is entertained. Fearlessness comes from knowing that God is with us, and that we are with God.”

Diaphragmatic breathing can be helpful. When one becomes fearful, one can re-establish diaphragmatic breathing and practice breath awareness.

The 2 minute meditation could be a tool, which also includes a short progressive relaxation.

Swami Veda Bharati has written, “Relax your forehead. It is not possible for thoughts of worries, anxieties, fears, aggression and so forth to arise in the mind if the forehead is kept relaxed.” (Meditation: The Art and Science)

Also sometimes we do not readily identify fear as fear, or a basis of other emotions.

Also “Mantra for Freedom from Fear” by Swami Veda popped into my mind:

abhayaṃ naḥ karaty antarikṣam abhayaṃ
dyāvā-pṛthivī ubhe ime
abhayaṃ paścād abhayaṃ purastāduttarād
udharād abhayaṃ no astu
abhayaṃ mitrād abhayaṃ amitrād
abhayaṃ jñātād abhayaṃ parokṣāt
abhayaṃ naktam abhayaṃ divā naḥ
sarvā āśā mama mitraṃ bhavantu
 oṃ
dṛte dṛṃha mā mitrasya mā cakṣuṣā
sarvāṇi bhūtāni samīkṣantāṁ
mitrasyāhaṃ cakṣuṣā sarvāṇi bhūtāni samīkṣe
mitrasya cakṣuṣā samīkṣāmahe
 oṃ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ

Abhayaṃ means no fear because there is no danger. If all are friends to me and I am friends to all, from whom have I any danger? Whom may I have cause to fear?

May the sky grant us abhayaṃ.
May the heaven and earth both grant us abhayaṃ.  
May I have abhayaṃ from behind.
Abhayaṃ from the front.
From above and below, may there be abhayaṃ for us.
Abhayaṃ from the friend,
Abhayaṃ from the foe.
Abhayaṃ from what is known to me.
Abhayaṃ from what is beyond the eyes.
Abhayaṃ in the night.  Abhayaṃ in the day.
May all directions, all quarters, be friends unto me.
O Divine Mother, upholder of the universe, grant me strength that I may see all beings with the eyes of a friend.
May all beings look at me with the eyes of a friend.
May they all, all of us living beings, look at each other with the eyes of a friend.
For when all is friend, there is abhayaṃ.

Om.  Peace. Peace. Peace.


Editor’s Note

If you have any questions about your spiritual practice, you may write to the AHYMSIN Spiritual Committee at adhyatmasamiti@gmail.com.

Does God judge us?

Question

Does GOD judge us?

Swami Rama wrote in The Essence of Spiritual Life

“Sit down and quietly think about what you have done in your life, because in the end, during the period of transition, you will have to face yourself. What have you done that is satisfying? Have you done anything selfless – totally selfless? You go on doing your work and reaping the fruit, and then you hoard. In this way there can be no liberation.”

I think that this is THE only yardstick for GOD to judge.

Answers

Swami Nityamuktananda Saraswati, Stephen Parker (Stoma), Lalita Arya (Ammaji), Shi Hong, and Michael Smith have responded to this question.

Swami Nityamuktananda Saraswati

A God that judges… is a Christian concept and has nothing to do with Yoga (that is…. apologize – as far as I know!)

Life’s actions have consequences… and these consequences play out, whether we look at it as the play of karma, or simply as the flow of ever-changing energy.

Stephen Parker (Stoma)

The idea of a judgment or assessment of life after death is a common belief in many traditions. For example, it is a feature of the ancient Egyptian religion where Horus, as I recall, weighs the heart of the newly transitioned soul. There is a similar idea of judgment in Islam. In these traditions, it is a global look at the balance of virtuous and vicious action in the person’s life.

In our tradition this sort of reckoning is not a one-time event but proceeds according to how we deal with our karma, the mental impressions we carry of every thought, feeling, and action that we have made, moment by moment. At the end of the life of this body, as Patanjali explains, the impressions that have ripened to bear their fruit in the next life merge into a subtle pattern called karmashaya that guides the jiva through the transition from this body to the next. At the moment of passage from this body, if we are to be reborn, we will have awareness of 3 things: the species of the next incarnation, the length of that life, and the balance of pain and pleasure we will experience. Then in the bardo, as the Tibetans call it, we experience the fruits of the action in our past life, and to the extent that these impressions are bright or dark we experience a relative heaven or hell before we move towards the next birth. So in the yoga tradition (and the other Indian traditions as well), there is no one personality making some fateful decision about our eternal condition. We reap the fruits of our actions according to how we sowed them, which is a genuinely Christian idea. (That is, it came from Christ himself and not from the church.)

If we remain aware, witnessing from the buddhi, then we sever the ego’s self-identification with a given samsara or mental impression as it arises. We also change the balance of our impressions through the process of “thinning down the kleshas” (klesha-tanu-karana) described in the Yoga Sutras’ second chapter. We deliberately create brighter samskaras to balance the darker ones and that way we gradually bring more light to the total. So the theory of karma is of little use in explaining how we came to our current suffering. Its power lies in the ability to continuously create a better future.

Lalita Arya (Ammaji)

The word “judgment’ itself is so stressful to think about that meditators might want to stay far away from it. However, since it is a question, we have to deal with it.

A student who is enwrapped into the fold of our tradition is always under the spiritual and subtle umbrella of a Guide. When that student is sincere in his/her practices attention is focused on trying to refine that as much as possible and nothing else matters besides the ordinary waves of living, of course. What happened before, what is happening now, and what happens after – these are of no consequence if we are in pursuit of a ‘sattvic’ life…because irrespective of what ‘religion’ we follow, we as humans ‘think, speak and act’ and these have consequences that have bearing on us. If they are sattvic we need not worry about judgment. Of course, as we know “to err is human” and those consequences we have to suffer…as there is no need for anyone else to judge us for our thoughts, speech, and actions – that is besides the normal rules of living with legalities, rules of behavior, etc.

We are the final ones who decide how we want to live so as not to harm others in our thoughts, speech, and actions. When we are still in the infant and childhood stages of being trained into adulthood, we have parents or guardians who help us hopefully on that path that teaches us that we are responsible for our thoughts, speech, and action and that there will be consequences to US because we have created them…they train, teach, and guide, and when we become adults. Maybe they are no longer there and we seek more, if we are fortunate the Guide appears when we are ready – who tells us – Listen to what I have to say,  do not believe everything I say, go and Practice for yourselves and reap the fruits of those thoughts, words, and deed. You alone are responsible because you are the Thinker, Speaker, and Actor. So, go and sit, meditate, and understand yourself that you alone are responsible for these.

Much more may be said on this topic – like external compulsions, etc. But if you are a serious meditator you will find answers within yourself – eventually.

To end on a light note – If you believe in a god – HE/SHE is too busy creating to look at your faults, and if you don’t believe, well why worry?

From Shi Hong

Ammaji’s answer reminds me of a dialogue that Confucius had with one of his disciples:

Ji Lu, a disciple, once asked the master: “May one know how to serve the spirits of the dead?”

Master: “How can one serve the spirits if one cannot even serve the living beings?”

“May one then ask about death?”

“How can one know death when one has yet to know about life?”

Similarly, at the 2015 international yoga conference held in Beijing, Swami Veda, attending through video, was asked by the audience “Is there God?” (It is very interesting that this question still surfaced after 6 decades of communism. And I, sitting at the conference translating for him, was concerned that his answer might entail certain consequences if misinterpreted.) Swami Veda smiled and replied: “Is there God – why should you believe my answer? Go find out!”

From Michael Smith

“When you go against God, you are going against your own nature, the divine image in which God created you. When you go against that nature, you automatically punish yourself.” – Paramahansa Yogananda

Swami Veda explained how karma works in detail:

“There are certain laws that I call cosmic laws. To my mind cosmic laws are those laws that apply equally to all branches of knowledge. There are some laws that apply only to physics, some only to geometry perhaps, some only to medicine, some only to jet propulsion, some only to the study of water currents (which is called hydrology). But there are some laws that apply to all branches of knowledge. Listen to Newton’s third law of motion. Now this is not a law in physics alone, it is a cosmic law. For every action in one direction, there is a reaction in the opposite direction. Not just motion – any action-reaction. This applies to your going out canoeing. It applies to jet propulsion.  It applies to karma. For every action in one direction, there is a reaction in the opposite direction.”

“Now the karma system works on the basis of the subtle body. I get an evil thought and I go and blind someone. Now what have I done? I have no power to change his eye consciousness.  He will keep dreaming of forms for example. I can do nothing to his subtle body. I can do nothing to his memory. All I have done is to hit his gross body, his annamaya kosha, his physical sheath. But there should be a reaction in the opposite direction. When I blind someone by hitting them in the eye, I blind myself in my subtle body.  I negate my eye consciousness. My eyes will keep working for the time being, so long as the momentum of my previous karma lasts. This karma is that they should stay well for so long because my previous karma has determined that this man shall enjoy his eyes so long. But for the future I have established a negative curtain, I have established a block in the eye consciousness of my subtle body. Now recall what I said. A person dying gathers his whole karma, the sum total of his samskaras, and migrates to the next body. Reincarnates. Now whatever you have sown, that shall you reap. You cannot sow something and expect to reap something else. Somewhere the action-reaction must continue. The cause-effect chain must continue. Very well. Now I migrate with the eye socket in my subtle body, as it were, missing. I have put a block through my karma in this life, which comes to me in the form of the final experience of death when the curtain is being drawn and I am moving away, that determines three things for my next life. According to the yoga sutras of Patanjali, jati (the species in which I am born), ayus (the life span), and bhoga (the duration for which I shall stay in that body and the type of pain and pleasure I shall receive for the duration of my stay in that special body). Jati, again is the species in which I will be born, the type of body I will get, in other words, a whole body or a lame body or a blind body. (Gross body) Ayus, the life span, how long I shall stay in that body. Bhoga, the type of pain-pleasure experiences I will have while in that body.”

“So the force of my karma, the momentum of my karma, the negative blocks or the positive forces wrapping my inner being around take me through no space and no time to that womb where the ideal physical conditions are present. Where the ideal physical conditions are available. So a medical doctor says, “Why is this child congenitally blind? Well the genes of the father and the grandfather, and the chromosomes of the mother and the grandmother.” This is perfectly true. That explains how the body was formed. The physical science is concerned with the how of things. Philosophy is concerned with the why of things. “How” and “why” should not be confused. The physical doctor says perfectly correctly that this child’s body was formed by such and such genes or such and such conditions during pregnancy or such and such diet or whatever it is. Good formations, malformations.  Strong or weak. But that does not explain “why.” Why this person? And that “why” is the continuity of the chain of cause and effect, sowing and reaping. This subtle body now works, as it were, as a mold around which the physical body is built. So just as I say that all the earth, water, fire, air and space are within, so all pain and pleasures are within. It is from the storehouse of the anandamaya kosha that the right kind of pain and pleasure surface to meet the right kind of physical conditions.”


Editor’s Note

If you have any questions about your spiritual practice, you may write to the AHYMSIN Spiritual Committee at adhyatmasamiti@gmail.com.

What is the meaning of “Not till your aspiration reaches the level of desperation will it be fully realized.”?

Question

“Not till your aspiration reaches the level of desperation will it be fully realized.”
Swami Veda Bharati

This point is made over and over in the scriptures. But why is it so? What is the inner logic behind such a construct? Thank you in advance.

Answers

Carolyn Hume, Stephen Parker (Stoma), Lalita Arya (Ammaji) and Swami Ritavan Bharati have responded to this question.

Carolyn Hume

Your question reminded me of a time years ago. I cannot remember the comment or question that was posed, but Swami Rama called this individual up on the stage whereupon Swami Rama blocked the individual’s nose and mouth. After a little bit, he asked the individual his name, no response. The individual could not breathe. When Swami Rama let the individual breathe again, he said that only when you wanted God as badly as that individual wanted to breathe (wanting to breathe so badly that he cannot remember his own name or think of anything else) will you realize God. The impression of that time is strongly in my mind, but not so much the words. Hopefully, I have not misrepresented what Swami Rama said.

Stephen Parker (Stoma)

Until one’s aspiration reaches such a pitch, our efforts in sādhana are all captive of ahamkāra. They are my efforts. When one has exhausted all the efforts we can make and we feel our incapacity to do it all ourselves, only then do we escape the bondage of ego and a space opens for grace to do its work. Only in that desperate aspiration for realization can we let go enough to really let the Guru in. We are perfectible, but not by our efforts alone; it is always a collaboration with the Guru.

Lalita Arya (Ammaji)

Thanks for this very informative piece of reality as demonstrated by Swami Rama. Again, I would like to repeat, as we do this often with ourselves and our students to remind us of his teachings, one of these included his advice – Do not believe everything I say. Go out and practice for yourselves. Well, here in this demonstration, he just helped someone to find the answer in a very direct, positive and desperate way. What other answer can be as striking as this one?

YS1:3 – Tada drishtuh swarupe-avasthanam…then only the seer dwells in the true nature of her spiritual self. Yoga Sutras Vol 1 Samadhi Pada– (Usharbudh Arya/Swami Veda)

That is after the mind modifications have been quietened…I would add through that desperate pursuit.

Swami Ritavan Bharati

06 Desperation and Dedication

Desperation and Dedication

Desperation and Dedication are the valley and the mountain, the two known only to each other.
Desperation and Dedication are the two sides of the same coin,
A coin spent, nay, surrendered as the currency of ambition for the purpose of life.
Why suffer human folly when you can enjoy divine beauty.
Satisfy that seeking, yearning, desiring that calls to you — day and night from that inner hunger of mind’s fear, worry and despondency.
With this currency of ambition make a purchase that is so beautiful, so sweet and fulfill this natural, innate human urge to know atman the spiritual self.
Your purpose, your destiny reveals that Wisdom beyond all unfulfilled identities and fears.
Deserve to serve your saintly destiny.
Pay the price in surrender and purchase the quest: “In This Very Life You Come to Know God.”


Editor’s Note

If you have any questions about your spiritual practice, you may write to the AHYMSIN Spiritual Committee at adhyatmasamiti@gmail.com.

How to deal with the deep historical trauma and violence of racial prejudice?

Question

I have felt very little yogic guidance to deal with the deep historical trauma and violence of racial prejudice and racial division that our community is dealing with.

Answers

Stephen Parker (Stoma), Lalita Arya (Ammaji), Carolyn Hume, Charles Crenshaw, Carol Crenshaw, Randall Krause (Mokshadeva), Shi Hong, Wolfgang Bischoff, and Michael Smith have responded to this question.

Stephen Parker (Stoma)

From a psycho-spiritual perspective, we know that trauma not only affects people during a given lifetime, but that it is also encoded in our DNA both genetically, in the code itself, and epigenetically, in terms of how genes are activated and expressed in the structure and function of our nervous system. This is a biological way of looking at the process of emotional purification through which we deal with the original trauma, ignorance, through which we see ourselves as limited beings, vulnerable to trauma.

All of the first five limbs of Patañjali’s rāja-yoga embody different approaches to this emotional cleansing and stabilization: relationships with others and with ourselves (yama and niyama), our bodies, physical and subtle (āsana), our breath and subtle energy (prānāyāma) and our senses (pratyāhāra). Each of these domains contains many practices that help with healing trauma. Research on using yoga to heal trauma, which is becoming voluminous, demonstrates that yoga is at least as effective as the best that other trauma therapies have to offer. (For more, see Overcoming Trauma Through Yoga by Emerson and Hopper and Trauma Sensitive Yoga in Therapy: Bringing the Body Into Treatment by Emerson.)

Here there are several principles in operation. Almost all of these practices are performed in a balanced way, on one side and then on the other. This stimulates the integration of the cerebral hemispheres and completes the development of our capacity to process experiences of trauma. The mindful way in which all practices should be performed stimulates the medial prefrontal cortex of the brain which is in charge of integrating and “re-wiring” the nervous system. Mindful awareness allows us to change the structure and functioning of the brain and nervous system: you gradually re-program your brain. It also stimulates the creation of new connections between the limbic systems, which monitor the arousal of our emotional responses and hold in memory holistic “snapshots” of trauma we have experienced (flashbacks), and the cerebral cortex which contains centers for language and sensory function. In this way, we gradually reframe our incomplete memories and weave them into the narrative of our lives so that they can truly become part of the past rather than arising in our minds continuously in the next moment.

Every yoga practice contributes something. Every practice deepens the mindful awareness of the operation of racism in all of us—and that is the only place you have the power to change. We may be “woke,” but that doesn’t mean we are not racist in our unconscious beliefs and behavior. Trying to change other people often transforms into violence because of our impatience. It has taken more than 20 generations to construct all of the assumptions, beliefs, and habits that comprise our racism and it cannot all be undone in a single life. Swāmī Veda used to say, “It takes 1,000 years to change a culture.” Gandhi understood this well. He knew that he needed to engage his satyāgrahis (“apprehenders of truth”) in emotional purification with themselves because it was essential that the British colonizers be confronted firmly and lovingly in order to effectively hold up a mirror to their behavior and shame them into leaving. Otherwise, they would simply be dismissed as rioters. (And that is what Churchill believed out of his own sense of racism.) This is also an example of what is called the middle path in Buddhism. The Dalai Lama does not blame the Chinese. But he still holds them accountable at every turn. And the Chinese know they cannot control him, which is what makes him so dangerous to them. He manages to do it with a genuinely sweet smile and a loving giggle that never gets hooked by rage and violence.

People often did outrageous things that one would think would have made Swāmī Veda angry. In the last 20 years of his life, I never saw him give in to impatience with people’s limitations. It is part of why he was so beloved and why people always felt heard and understood by him. He listened to them no matter what. He never criticized them if even constructive criticism was unlikely to be heard. If the difference seemed intractable, he would simply ask to sit in meditation with the person, and eventually, their anger (and pain) would melt. This toughest of all loves (compassion) is ultimately the only healing for the trauma of racism and every other smallness of heart.

As I thought about the translation of upeksha in the process of writing Clearing the Path, I decided that I preferred to call it non-reactivity, because what happens is that one doesn’t just put their emotion (samskara becoming vrtti) into action, but rather can observe and mindfully decide what action to take. Indifference implies non-action and that is not what upeksha is about. I think of Oskar Schindler, who responded to the Nazis skillfully in ways that in other contexts would be considered exploitative. As a result, tens of thousands of lives were saved. To just be angry and demonstrate or directly oppose in whatever way would simply have gotten a lot of people killed. So these answers are not simple. And in our current situation, we seem to have yet to come to the most skillful interventions.

Lalita Arya (Ammaji)

One of the basic tenets of our Tradition is to observe the saying: “Vasudaiva kutum bakam” – Sanskrit meaning -” The World is one Family”.

When we believe this, we, as initiates in the Himalayan Tradition of our Elders, automatically see everyone as ONE in the Great Consciousness – there are NO differences between any sentient beings…humans, animals, trees, any living being is part of who we are. Unfortunately, this takes a long time, sometimes lifetimes to realize. But our learned teachers, guides, and those who show us the Path have more experience in the practice of what this actually means.

With the training given in all the classes attended, the lectures of all the leaders in the Sangha, and the teachers who are busy trying to guide – we try to practice within that scope which covers an attitude towards the divides that humans create due to misguided information, childhood nourishment, and education.

Let us not expect our Teachers to say “Hey students, this is a bad thing, or this is a good thing”…this is not the WAY…these realizations have to come from within oneself for them to REALLY mean something to be put into actual practice.

Baba, our treasured Guide, gave such excellent discourses, and lectures, and wrote so many books, BUT always admonished in the end – “Do not believe every word I say or write, go and find out for yourself.”

With many blessings, we keep to the path that we find for ourselves based on the ancient Teachings of – The World is One Family.

Carolyn Hume

We are blessed to have teachings, practices, and philosophy. These are an invitation to explore and to practice until one has firsthand knowledge of their veracity or non-veracity. Whether one accepts this invitation or to what extent one accepts the invitation is one’s choice. Also, if one accepts the invitation, generally speaking, personal growth and transformation may manifest over a lengthy period.

If the teachings have given you little yogic guidance, then that is what you have experienced. Why this is the case I cannot say. Perhaps you would be interested in re-acquainting yourself with the teachings of Swami Rama and Swami Veda.

Circumstances exist and sometimes can seem negative to us. However, they also provide grounds for spiritual growth.

When we speak of suffering, we can think of Swami Veda talking about “The cause of suffering, in the Yoga-sutras, is ignorance.” And further:

“Ignorance is

  1. to mistake the permanent for the impermanent and the impermanent for the permanent,
  2. to mistake the pure for the impure and the impure for the pure,
  3. to mistake pain for pleasure and pleasure for pain, and
  4. to mistake the Self for the non-Self and non-Self for Self.

This is the four-fold definition of ignorance, and the first three arise out of the last one. To mistake the Self for the non-Self and the non-Self for the Self is the greatest ignorance.”

As we can see/feel ignorance and resulting suffering in our own lives, we can also see/feel suffering in fellow beings. In the process, this can help open our hearts and minds to embrace all, or as Swami Rama has said many times “love all, exclude none.”

Charles Crenshaw

One of the first things that I remember my master said to me when I was in a group at HI [ed: Himalayan Institute], was you suffer because you identify with the things of the world. I thought, I’m a black man in America, this is nonsense. How can I not identify with this body? If I don’t it will be killed for lack of proper protection from a system that devalues my existence.

You suffer because you identify with the things of the world, my master said. The first thing in the world that I identified with was the mind. The next identity was with a body. When I stop identifying with these things there is peace. There would be peace for everyone if we stopped identifying as male/female, this or that. As Ammaji reminded us: the whole world is a family.

In the course of my experience on the path, I have despaired more than once. Once when SVB, before he was SVB, helped me past a difficult spot in life when I felt like abandoning the path of meditation for a more militant take on situations like we are experiencing today. Long past that time, I have used the tool of EFT to help me through some difficult spots concerning ‘institutional racism’ in addition to my daily meditation practice. I have pages of things that I had been conditioned by, things that I have tapped on that were in my less-than-conscious mind. Things that were, in hindsight, preventing me from having the fearlessness required to achieve the goal that my master said was attainable in this lifetime, even me. A black man from America. My daily practice of seeking the silence that is the core of us all is my only solace in these times. This is just the two cents of an ole sadhu wannabe whose only words of comfort hearken back to those of Ramakrishna and the Isa Upanishad: Oh divine mother, have mercy, please lift the veil of this your world bewitching Maya so that we might see beyond the golden disk that hides the face of reality. Om Shanti Shanti Shanti

A further thought, following on Stomaji’s input:

SVB focused us on chitta prasadanam, the pleasantness of mind needed to have success in meditation addressed in the Yoga Sutras I.33. He informed us that Buddhist Vipassana teachers called it brahma viharas, the divine abidings in texts like Visuddhi Magga (The path of purification).

Whatever you want to call it, I consider it a further elucidation of the golden rule. The guidelines for achieving this pleasantness of mind are loving kindness, compassion, gladness, and equanimity. Seems simple enough, but when we dig deeper we come to understand the profoundness of this teaching, and why we have so much turmoil in the world.

YS [Yoga Sutras] says we are to develop loving kindness towards those who are comfortable in the world; compassion towards those who are suffering, gladness towards the virtuous, and equanimity towards those who are non-virtuous. The last abiding causes most people (ME!) the greatest difficulty. Why? It can also be worded as indifference to evil, though this is not the best wording. Equanimity is the better choice because it makes us consider our part in the world we live in. There is an axiom in the world of psychology: you most dislike in others what you most dislike in yourself. This is commonly called projection.

How does this projection fit in with what I am thinking about the divine abidings, our pleasantness of mind? The wise teachers of meditation knew that it wasn’t easy to have equanimity towards the non-virtuous, towards evil. But they also knew that it wasn’t easy for us to have loving kindness, compassion, and gladness towards those who were close to us or even someone neutral in our eyes. You may question this, but thousands of years of the psychology of subjectively understanding the mind may clear up any misconceptions that you might have. Just read the texts.

For example, developing compassion or gladness towards those who are close to us often led to attachment, per the ancient spiritual psychologists. This might be a hard pill to chew, but attachment and love are very different per Swami Rama; attachment is a hindrance to developing pleasant mindedness. The solution for beginning the systematic approach to achieving our pleasant mindedness was one simple thing: Loving kindness towards ourselves. The ancients said that this was the first thing that needed to be developed before there could be mastery of loving kindness directed at others, AND the remainder of the abidings.

If I developed loving kindness towards my very own self and then worked on mastery of the other abidings. What would be in my mind that I might project onto the world? What kind of world would that be if we all developed chitta prasadanam? This might be highly impractical in light of world conditions, but it surely relates to HOPE.

Carol Crenshaw

Our job as teachers is to keep teaching all the yogic practices of all rungs. We are blessed to have these tools and to have been using them for many years. They help us stay stable during these challenging times. This is not the case for people who don’t have such tools. Therefore, we need to keep sharing and teaching so that more and more people change from the inside out. It’s the only way of real change and something that the world is crying out for right now.

Randall Krause (Mokshadeva)

Over the years, as a meditator, racist thoughts or feelings would arise in my awareness from time to time. When that happened, I’d notice them. I knew that my beliefs and intentions were quite different from theirs and realized that these thoughts and feelings came from my cultural programming. Meditation and mindfulness enable me to have the space to observe these thoughts and feelings and to choose my actions rather than robotically acting them out. I can use my volition to choose actions that, over time, might reduce the strength of those racist thoughts, such as being more inclusive, and less exclusive in my actions. Also, I can reach out to others, including people different from me, to create relationships with them. It’s easier to feel racist against those who are “other,” and more difficult to do so when those others are friends.

This practice of noticing thoughts and impulses that arise from the depths of the subconscious mind and choosing whether it is a thought or impulse worth strengthening or weakening is a good yoga practice. We strengthen that to which we pay more attention, that which we act out, that with which we identify. We weaken that from which we withdraw our attention, that which we toss out of our minds, that with which we dis-identify. This is a practice of emotional purification.

The world is full of suffering. We can do our little part to make things better, but we can’t save the world. What is in our power to do is to work incessantly to purify our emotions and our actions so that we don’t add to the world’s suffering but rather relieve it to some extent. Yoga gives us the tools to do this.

With gratitude and respect for our teachers and Tradition

Shi Hong

Suffering happens in one’s own buddhi. So it’s all about working on changing one’s own mind, not about changing others or the world, as we all learned from Swami Veda.

If it is not for racism then it will be for divides based on religion, political belief, wealth, taste for music or neighborhood. You name it. Speaking of the neighborhood, as someone who did not grow up watching “Mr. Rogers” on TV, I only recently watched a movie based on the original Mr. Rogers and was immediately captured by the character featured in the film. After watching a few YouTube clips on Mr. Rogers I have concluded that this man must have attained “citta-prasādana” which per Yoga Sūtras can be derived from Brahmavihāra, or “frolicking-in-brahman,” one of the most important purifying practices in the yoga and Buddhist traditions.

It is worth noting how the Buddhists, at least a leading figure from one of the many schools, interpret the practice. Below is a brief transcript of a lecture given by the late Venerable Bhante Punnaji, a Theravada Buddhist monk from Sri Lanka, on the topic of Brahmavihāra (adapted from the YouTube Channel of “Bhante Punnaji”).

Metta (maitrī)

The teaching of the Buddha is based on Metta (Pali) or Maitri (Sanskrit). That word means Universal Goodwill, Universal Benevolence, or Universal interest in the welfare of all beings, a concern for the welfare of all beings. That means it is a broad mind, not a narrow mind. The Five Precepts (note: roughly equivalent to the yamas of the Yoga Sūtras) are practiced not to avoid punishment or to gain rewards. The Five Precepts are practiced because we are concerned about the welfare of others. The Five Precepts are mainly concerned about how we relate to other people. The first precept is about not harming anyone. The second precept is about not stealing. The third precept is about not committing adultery. The fourth precept is about controlling our speech which hurts other people. The fifth precept is about taking intoxicants or being carried away by our emotions such that we begin to hurt others. So we are trying to avoid that. All that is based on how we relate to other people. It is based on a concern for the welfare of all beings, not only thinking about ourselves. It is based on a broad mind. That breadth of mind is called Metta or Maitri. This is why I call it universal benevolence or universal goodwill. We cannot have metta for one person. This is why it is not just love. Love is something you can have for just one person. But Metta is for all beings. You cannot have metta even for the people of your own country. Patriotism is not metta. Metta cannot be only for human beings with no compassion for animals. That is not metta. Metta is for all beings. It is a concern for the welfare of all beings. That is the broad mind where we think of all beings. It is very important to understand this because the morality or ethics of the teachings of the Buddha is based on a broad mind. And when we cultivate Metta we are cultivating a broad mind.

Karuna (karuṇā)

When we cultivate metta, metta turns into Karuna. Karuna is not another kind of thought or a different kind of mental state. Karuna is an expansion of metta. Metta grows into Karuna. What is Karuna? Karuna is where we don’t distinguish between ourselves and others. That others are as important as ourselves. Karuna is like the depth dimension. Metta is like the length and breadth, the area dimension. When we talk about volume, we are talking about length, breadth, and height. These are three dimensions. Karuna is the third dimension. Metta is two-dimensional, like area dimension. We are spreading out to include all beings in the universe. Karuna is about how deeply are we interested in the welfare of all beings, just as a mother thinks of her only child, and is even willing to sacrifice her own life for the sake of this child. In the same way, we begin to become concerned about the welfare of all beings. And we lose our selfishness In Karuna; the Selfishness disappears Just like a river falling into the ocean and losing its identity. It becomes the water of the ocean. The river is no more. In the same way, when Karuna appears, the self disappears and that disappearance of self means all unhappiness disappears because all unhappiness is self-centered

Mudita (muditā)

Just like a river falling into the ocean and losing its identity it becomes the water of the ocean. The river is no more. In the same way, when Karuna appears, the self disappears and that disappearance of self means all unhappiness disappears because all unhappiness is self-centered.  “I don’t have this. I don’t have that. I feel like this. I hate that.” That kind of thinking is the unhappiness, the suffering. When that self-centered thinking disappears, there is no unhappiness anymore. You become happy as a result. That happiness of selflessness is called Mudita. Mudita is happiness, but not self-centered happiness. It is the happiness of selflessness. This is why although the Buddha was aware of the sufferings of all beings he was never unhappy. He was happy all the time. Otherwise, he should have been crying all the time because he saw the unhappiness of all beings. Although he was aware of the sufferings of all beings he was happy. That happiness is the happiness of selflessness. That is Mudita. That Mudita or happiness is not an emotional excitement. Even Metta is not an emotional excitement. Karuna is not an emotional excitement. It is a very calm, tranquil state of the mind. Metta, Karuna, and Mudita are not different states of the mind. It is the same state seen from different angles

Upekkha (upekṣā)

When we speak of metta, karuna, mudita, and upekkha we are looking at the same state of mind from different angles. What is upekkha? When the mind is calm and tranquil, the mind is not centered on what is going on outside. Whatever is going on outside does not disturb the mind. Gain and Loss, Fame and Ill-fame Praise and Blame, Pleasure and Pain — these are the eight vicissitudes of life, the changing vicissitudes of life.  When these vicissitudes change, the mind is not disturbed because the mind is focused within, not outside. That is the perfect tranquility of mind. That perfect tranquility of mind means the mind is focused within, not looking for pleasure outside, not looking for happiness outside. That is the meaning of Upekkha.

Q: When we practice metta meditation we are only meditating that may this person be happy and peaceful but not actually doing anything for the person. So what is the use of it?

A: When you practice metta you are only broadening your mind. In broadening your mind you are not thinking about yourself. You are simply thinking of all beings. That is the important thing to understand. You don’t think of two persons — yourself and the other person. You are thinking of all beings, like thinking of the ocean full of water, instead of thinking of drops of water. You are not practicing metta toward one person.

Now on the question of this is not taking action to help other people you have to understand that you are not an all-powerful person. You have to start with that. You are not trying to change the world by doing this. You are only trying to change your mind. You are not trying to use your force to make everyone happy. No. Even the Buddha could not make everyone happy. He could only change his mind. So this is only to change your mind, not trying to change the world. This is the problems that human being are trying to do. Human beings developed the mind to be able to think and reason properly. That is how this thing called science began. And what did science do? Science created all kinds of machines to change the world. Now we have fans to make us comfortable. We have air conditioning. We have lights. All that is changing the world to suit our desires. What has happened? We are in fear that there will be a war in the world that will destroy the whole earth. Has crime disappeared in the world? Has war disappeared in the world? Has terrorism disappeared in the world? With all these efforts, why? Because the human beings with all that intelligence were trying to change the world and not themselves. The Buddha understood that same principle which is today called determinism. Determinism means understanding that whatever happens in the world happens only due to necessary conditions. That same law in Buddhism is called “paticca-sammuppada,” translated today as “dependent origination”. Why didn’t the Buddha make a machine? Why didn’t the Buddha make airplanes, ships, electrical fans, and air conditioners since he knew this dependent origination principle? Once Mara came to the Buddha and said, “Oh the Buddha is very powerful with all the psychic powers. If he were only to make the wish to make Mount Everest into a mountain of gold it would be done. You have such power. Out of compassion for the suffering being, please make that wish.” So the Buddha said, “Yes, Mara, I can do that. You have understood my power. But, do you know, if I did that how many people would be killed as a result? Because everyone will want to own that mountain of gold and there will be wars. So instead of doing that, I aim to change people’s minds. Show them how the mind can be changed and transformed thereby producing arahants, bodhisattvas, and buddhas.”

That is what the Buddha wanted to do — to change the people, the characters of the people, the minds of the people. So the metta meditation is not a meditation to change the world. It is a meditation to change your mind. It’s very important to understand that.

Wolfgang Bischoff

Dear Shi Hong, thank you so much for your wonderful contribution.

I am thinking about writing my contribution. It is not a theoretical one, but it is very personal. I am 73 years old and must confess that I needed my whole life until now to learn about the horrible prejudice against other human beings than the “Arians” we were supposed to be. But this horrible inner attitude was also directed towards disabled human beings and women.

Learning about it was shocking but learning to overcome this deep-rooted mindset took me my whole life. Through our beloved Guruji, I learned to listen inside to get to know my true nature. I realized that I was so grateful that I started preaching to people about what I had learned. But when Guruji left his body and I saw his most advanced students fighting with each other, I realized that there was something wrong with my behavior. I was full of gratitude and love towards my beloved teachers, but I realized a kind of spiritual arrogance in myself mainly preaching to others but not being able to listen to them. So I started studying the laws of listening and realized that most of us used the old-fashioned way of experts to download the past and project it onto the future. By listening now to other people mainly to the ones I normally avoided talking to I started seeing the differences in worldview. But still, it was a kind of discussion which means conflicts and fights going on about who is right.

Then I discovered empathic listening by feeling what the other person is feeling and starting not to see a difference between me and the other person. But still, life did not change. All the time I had a diffuse inner impression that something new wanted to develop but I did not know how to allow that to happen.

Then I started to get to know through Otto Scharmer from MIT Boston the generative listening process. This was a great realization. Because all my inner work, to become still, to observe without judgment, to sense the unexpected world, and to feel complete helplessness and ignorance together with friends or other people allowed us to pre-sense the shy impulse of the future which wants to come to us. Fear and anxiety developed and were slowly overcome by the courage to look into the unexpected of the future. Little experiments tried to bring it down to earth and with the marveling eyes of a child I experienced something new to happen, greater than myself and anything I have talked about, full of love and miracles.

So I learned to listen against all my old habits of a bad education with an open mind, an open heart, and an open will to act according to the impulse of the future. And I realized that by learning to listen I slowly learned what it means to develop an open mind, a pure mind with no judgement, a wide mind as wide as the ocean. I realized that even in my own spiritual family I hardly experience the art of asking questions to one another. So I developed the art of asking questions and listening as much as I could without judging.
So slowly what Shi Hong has written in his Buddhist citation is developing in my heart—a love for all beings and even the earth seeing it as a living being.

My conclusion is that we have a great chance to overcome racism and negative prejudices by developing a small circle of spiritual friends and practicing with them the four levels of listening.

Michael Smith

This is a related question that, maybe, needs to be addressed.
“What does one do in the face of a clear and present evil?
Swami Veda gave the example of walking down the street and seeing an elderly woman being attacked. What is the proper course of action in such a case?
Swamiji said that you need to prevent what was happening in the most non-violent way possible, and he gave a sequence of actions depending on the level of the assailant’s continued assault:

  1. Shouting at him
  2. Calling for help
  3. Throwing something in his direction
  4. Physically restraining him
  5. Incapacitating him
  6. Killing him

The definition of “violence” that he gave was using “excessive force.”

Swamiji said that if a person sat passively by, there would be a lot of negative karma: not only for the assailant but for you, by allowing it to happen.

One translation of “Kurukshetra” is “the battlefield of dharma,” and one of Swami Veda’s favorite passages about dharmic action in the Gita was when Krishna told Arjuna:

“Dedicating all actions to Me,
with your mind on the Self,
free of expectation and free of the thought ‘mine,’
fight without the fever of fear and anxiety.”
(Bhagavad Gita 3:30)

This would be acting with upeksha, the fourth of the Brahma-viharas.


About how to bring about a “change of heart” in people who are actively causing or supporting the suffering of others and the planet, I don’t think that is possible through laws or argument or force — “A man convinced against his will is of the same the opinion still” — but by deep, heartfelt listening – one-on-one – as Wolfgang said.

Swami Rama said, “Attention is love,” and Stoma once said that in dealing with clients, he did not come in with a psychiatric agenda, but prepared himself beforehand by meditation, and then just listened attentively . . .  and “waited for openings.”

“Openings” would be placed in a conversation when a sign of a person’s “humanity” is visible – where some warmth, kindness, or humor is shown – where a person lets down his defenses for a minute and becomes vulnerable.

Then, at such a time, there is an opportunity to come in and “throw a blanket of love” over the person. And that “blanket of love” – coming through you from a higher realm – would have the power to be transformative in some way.

This subtle change would not be a change of opinion – like a political preference about whether to vote one way or the other – but would be a gentle softening and smoothing out in the entire fabric of the mind-field. And because of this “sea-change,” all of one’s relationships would become more sattvic and a whole host of collateral things might result. –  being a more caring parent, husband, wife, joining in a charitable cause – who knows what would happen sometime down the line – becoming a vegetarian, buying an electric car, putting in solar panels.

I don’t think that a change of heart can happen in any other way but through grace from above – but we can be instruments of that grace by opening to it through our meditative practice and day-to-day compassion. As Stoma said, “This toughest of all loves (compassion) is ultimately the only healing for the trauma of racism and every other smallness of heart.”

Please read Swami Veda’s talk, titled “Compassion” (1980) where he talks about “the ultimate compassion.” [Please see the article “Compassion” in this newsletter.]

Once when Swami Rama was told that people were teaching Power Yoga in the USA, he said, “Do you want to know what Power Yoga is? It’s when a group of people are angry and are fighting, and you come into the room, and everyone becomes peaceful and happy.”

“The meaning of personal power is: those who came in your presence angry came away smiling.” (Swami Veda’s Sayings, p. 34.)


In July of 1988, Wolfgang came to The Meditation Center and talked about his first meeting with Swami Rama and also about the therapy work that he was doing at his Institute in Ahrensburg, Germany, using the Hakomi method of Ron Kurtz (another student of Swami Rama).

Here is a story that Wolfgang told

“We received a file from the court in which we were told that Mr. Thunderstorm was coming. That was his real name! The note said, ‘Please talk with him only in the company of a policeman. He is a double murderer, just out of prison.’ I had had a lot of experiences with prisoners, but I was very afraid. I said to myself, ‘This is crazy!’ I told the rest of the people at the Institute that he was coming, but he arrived early when I was not there – because he had no relation to time.

And when I finally came later, everyone was shivering. They said, ‘Mr. Thunderstorm is here!’ And everybody was shivering because he had shouted at everybody about me not being there. And no one knew what to do. And, you know, he had tattoos up and down his arms. He was a very threatening person. He had big muscles because the prisoners puff up their muscles to impress the other prisoners. Very serious thing in prison, really threatening to be there with other criminals. They need to do it sometimes, I think. So, he came, and I was shivering too. And he smelled of alcohol, walking through the doorway of my office and shouting at me. On the outside I was calm, but on the inside, I was tense, and I was shivering.

He started talking, so I just listened, and I looked at myself. And I saw, that because of my fear, I was not able to see him or hear him or understand him. I could only think of the sentence: ‘If you talk with Mr. Thunderstorm, you have to have a policeman on your side.’ Because in a situation in the courtroom, he had knocked down a door and it was very threatening to the judges, you know. It was a serious situation. So, I looked at myself, and I saw that because of my fear I could not see him, I could not listen to him, I could not recognize him, and I could not understand him. I tried to calm down my fear. I did not say a lot. I just tried to calm down and tried to open my heart – but it was not possible.

And he continued to talk – crazy stuff! And suddenly he gave this word to me: ‘Prison.’ ‘Prisoner!’ ‘Killed two persons!’ He had killed two people when he was eighteen years old. So, when he said the word ‘prison,’ I just looked into his eyes, and I really looked into his heart, and I said, ‘You were in prison. I was in prison, too. I know what prison is like. Awful, isn’t it!’ He looked at me, and when he came in contact with me that way, he became silent. And then I said, ‘Do you know what? You’re a great man with a great heart, but until now, no one has seen it.’

Do you know what happened? He collapsed in his chair. He had never heard something like that before. He collapsed. He was silent. He looked at me. ‘Yah!’ he said. He came in like an enemy and went out like a friend. So I said, ‘I need to come to your flat and visit you.’

Later I visited him, and he greeted me like a friend when I came, and we talked. And suddenly he said to his wife, ‘Go and get him the poems.’ So, she went and brought back two big pieces of paper. Now, you must know that he killed two people. He had no schooling at all, no education at all – and he had a heart as big as I have ever seen in such a person.

I read though the poems, and they were the most wonderful poems about love and yearning for human warmth and love that I have ever read. I was nearly weeping when I read these poems in that flat with him, you know. I said, ‘You really wrote that?!’ ‘Sure!’ he said. ‘Sure!’ ‘How did you do it when you can’t even write?’ And he said, ‘I sit sometimes in my chair and I say these poems, and my wife writes them down in one sitting.’ He throws these poems out in a single session!

So, do you know what I did? When I wrote my expertise for the court case, I put his poems in the expertise – and it was not normal to write poems for legal people. And we met with the court people again – where before they had felt so threatened with knocked down doors and so forth, but they were very friendly.  And he wife said the next time in the court room, “When you published his poems in this paper for the court case, it made us feel like there was someone that was really understanding him.” And that next time in court he was like a baby. It was a serious case, like needing to take a child away because there was no one to take care of him. And he agreed that I should look for a family that could watch over him. You know, and he was not fighting about it. Can you imagine that? So, this is like putting what we have learned in yoga into a normal daily situation.”


Editor’s Note

If you have any questions about your spiritual practice, you may write to the AHYMSIN Spiritual Committee at adhyatmasamiti@gmail.com.

Is it true that we should not practice any special mantras between midnight and 3 am and between noon and 3 pm?

Questions

1) Could you please tell me if Gayatri mantra is connected to surya and therefore should be only recited during day time and avoided after sunset?

2) I believe that we are not supposed to practice any special mantras (mantras apart from our diksha mantra) during 12 midnight to 3 am and 12 noon to 3 pm (6 hours in total). Is this correct?

Answers

Stephen Parker (Stoma) and Lalita Arya (Ammaji) have answered this question.

Stephen Parker (Stoma)

The Gayatri is indeed a solar mantra, the most powerful one, in fact. But the sun addressed is the inner sun of Ātman. There is no reason to avoid reciting it after sunset.

With respect to appropriate hours for japa, one explanation of these rules is that these are the hours when the devas are resting. But by what clock? 12 midnight here is 7 AM in Europe. And what time on the North Pole of Mars?

Swami Veda always maintained that because women are given extra respect in our Śrī Vidyā tradition, there are no such restrictions for women. He said that the same is true for nishkāma-japa, japa without a desire-based purpose, done solely for the purpose of liberation.

Japa of special mantras for spiritual prosperity, for healing, or to find a spouse, done by male sādhakas, should follow that rule.

Lalita Arya (Ammaji)

I agree with Stoma. My added comments –

Mantra japa has to do with the subtle and does not refer or allude to the physical like sunrise/sunset, and hours of day and night, which as Stoma well explains differ from location to location. When the mantra is absorbed into the atma-self, there is a continuous throb/hum that goes on, so no limitation.

Rituals, however, that have to do with the manifest physical may have limitations in their practice times- these are almost always done with consultation from the experts.

Seeking the truth is the journey to moksha.


Editor’s Note

If you have any questions about your spiritual practice, you may write to the AHYMSIN Spiritual Committee at adhyatmasamiti@gmail.com.

How can the non-enlightened ones guide others?

Question

Only one who has realized his true self who is free from ego and body mind breath identifications can understand and speak the truth and guide. All others are only speaking about concepts and second hand knowledge. That being the case, how can they guide others?

Answers

Randall Krause (Mokshadeva) and Stephen Parker (Stoma) have answered this question.

Randall Krause (Mokshadeva)

To answer your question, let me tell you a story—which you may have already heard but it bears repeating. There was man who, during a flood, climbed onto the roof of his house. He began praying fervently to God to save him. After some time, a firefighter came by with a long ladder to help him down but the fellow on the roof waved him away because he was praying to God to save him. The water continued to rise and soon was almost at the level of the roof. The man prayed more and more fervently. Soon, a person came in a boat and shouted, “Save yourself, jump into my boat and I’ll take you to safety!” But the fellow on the roof wouldn’t go because he wanted God to save him. The water was flowing rapidly now and came up over the roof and the fellow climbed to the top of his chimney—the only dry place—and prayed with all his heart and mind and concentration. Soon a helicopter came and lowered a basket and the Coast Guard soldier shouted down to “Get in the basket and we will haul you to safety.” But this fellow didn’t go. He was waiting for God to save him. Soon the flood swept the fellow away and he drowned. Then he found himself as a soul in the presence of God and was upset and said, “Why didn’t you save me when I prayed to you?” God said, I sent a fireman with a ladder, a man with a boat and a helicopter with a basket. What more did you want?

The idea is that the un-embodied, timeless Guru can teach us in many ways, through many people, and especially through initiated teachers. If you refuse all the help that comes to you, insisting that the Guru personally appear before you, you may miss essential lessons and have a very long wait.

Very few people ever came into the physical presence of Swami Rama, and almost nobody spent more than a few moments in that presence. The Guru can teach through many means and one does not need to be in his or her physical presence to be guided. Most teaching occurs out of the physical presence of the Gurudeva.

Finally, do consider that it is said in the Traditions that “when the student is ready, the Master appears.” So do the absolute maximum in your power to overcome your problems and do the practices you’ve been granted with full devotion, strength and with a positive, devotional attitude, and, only when you are “ready” will the Master appearBefore then you can search and search and possibly not find.

Stephen Parker (Stoma)

I think Mokshadev’s answer is wonderful, and I would only underline that the Guru in its intangible form reaches us all. And before it makes any kind of personal appearance, it will test you, as it tested the person in the story, to see whether you are really listening. I knew Swami Rama in the body for 26 years and certainly had more in-person darshana than most, although it was still very little in terms of clock time. All of his most important and most personal teaching came to me without any familiar form or voice after I had demonstrated some willingness to pay attention. And then it can just as often from beloved friends as from my own buddhi. The great Guru of the Avadhūtas, Dattātreya, listened well enough that he could take instruction from a range of animal teachers.


Editor’s Note

If you have any questions about your spiritual practice, you may write to the AHYMSIN Spiritual Committee at adhyatmasamiti@gmail.com.